Background：

The protein encoded by this gene phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation-initiation factor 2， leading to its inactivation， and thus to a rapid reduction of translational initiation and repression of global protein synthesis. This protein is thought to modulate mitochondrial function. It is a type I membrane protein located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)， where it is induced by ER stress caused by malfolded proteins. Mutations in this gene are associated with Wolcott-Rallison syndrome.